Improvement in spinning-machines



t PATENT EErcE..

MARTYN JOHN ROBERTS, OF PENDARREN HOUSE, IVALES.

IMPROVEMENT IN SPINNING-MACHINES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 42,307, dated April 12, 1864.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it knowufthat I, Maurin JOHN Ron- ERTS, of Pendarren House, near Orickhowell, in the county of Brecon, Wales, have invented improvements in means and apparatus for preparing and spinning and doubling or twisting wool, cotton, and other fibrous substances and I do hereby declare that the fol lowing is afull and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the figures and letters marked thereon.

The object of my improvements is to obtain a better drag77 to the thread-yarn or roving while being wound onto the bobbin in preparing and spinning fibrous substances than is usually obtained. For this purpose I make the flier of a preparing or spinning or doubling frame somewhat in the form of a parallelogram, the lower side of which may conveniently be a circular or other shaped metallic plate, which is firmly secured to a neck or socket, and upon this socket a whirl orpulley is xed. This socket runs upon a suitable stud or pin, which is screwed or otherwise fastened to a strong rail. The flier is driven by a band from a drivin g-eylinder passed round the said whirl in the usual manner; or it may be driven by any other convenient means. Through the center of the head of this lier, I place a spindle which passes through the bobbin and prevents it from falling sidewise. I always tit this spindle in such manner that it may be readily so moved that the bobbin may be taken oli therefrom. I titthis spindle loose in its bearings-that is to say, the spindle is free to turn in a hole or bearing in the head of the flier. The lower end ot' the spindle is also free to turn in a cup or bearing in the stud or pin which supports the flier and socket, or in a cup in a plate screwed or otherwise fastened to this stud or pin, which plate I call the deadplate.7 I sometimes tit the upper end of the spindle with one or two projecting hooked arms, which, coming in contact with the outside of the flier-head, causes the spindle to revolve with and at the same speed as the flier; but I prefer to make the spindle without the said hooked arms. The dead-plate serves as a base or support for the bottom of the bobbin, and it is by the friction ot' the bobbin upon this dead-plate, or upon appropriate washers interposed between the bobbin and plate, that the drag' or retardation ot' the rotation of the bobbin is produced. When the bobbin is to he doffed-that is, removed from its place within the nier-the spindle is raised, and the bobbin can then be removed. The spindle not being of much greater length than the bobbin, the bobbin cannot be moved up and down the spindle for the purpose of laying the thread-yarn or roving upon its whole length, as is done Vin ordinary spinning-frames. Therefore, to provide for the necessary operation of thus laying on the thread, I use a ring or other wellknown device, which, while it revolves with the iiier, is traversed or moved up anddown the tlier by a lifter-rail]7 upon which. the ring rests, or by other convenient means. On this ring are fixed eyes or twizzles or loops through which the thread or yarn coming from the delivering or front rollers of the frame passes onto the bobbin, and consequently the up-and-down mot-ion of the ring with its eyes guides the thread or yarn in a proper direction upon the bobbin 5 or, instead of a :ring running upon thelifter-rail, I sometimes use loops or eyes running upon a ring ixed to a lifterrail, somewhat in the form of the old ring and traveler, but the use I make of this is not to produce by it a drag, as in the ring and traveler, but simply to guide theA thread in a proper direction onto the bobbin.

I may here remark that I make no claim to the means above described of guiding the thread onto the bobbin, except when used in combination with my dead-plate and spindle, or either deadplate or spindle. By the compactness of the ilier and spindle I am enabled to obtain a high velocity in spinning or preparing, without rnuch shake or wabble in this part of the machinery. The drag is thus rendered more equable, while by the peculiar action of the spindle I am also enabled to obtain a more regular and even drag than is usual.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is anelevation, and Fig. 2 a longitudinal section, of a spindle and iiier, and parts con necte'l therewith, constructed according to my invention. a is a rail, to which a pin or stud,'b, is screwed by a nut, c. d is a socket or neck iixed to the ilier and resting upon a collar or bearing, d', xed to the stud b. e e is the tlier. f is the spindle, the upper end of which revolves in a bearing or circularv aperture, g,'in the filer-head, while the bottom or lower end revolves in a cup, m, formed in the top of the stud b. h h is the dead-plate, which is screwed onto the stud b, upon which plate the bobbin i may rest directly; or, as is represented in the drawings, a washer of cloth, i', or other suitable material, may beinterposed between the bobbin z' and dead-plate h. j j is the lifter-rail, upon which a ring, k, rests. This ring 7c is shown detached in plan in Fig. 8. It carries eyes ortwizzles Z, through which the yarn passestothe bobbin. It has also nicks m eut in it to iit over the flier c, in order that the flier in revolving may carry the ring round with it. n is a whirl or pulley fixed to the socket or neck d, and by which motion is communicated to the iiier through a driving-band in the ordinary manner.

Fig. 4 represents in longitudinal section a modification of the arrangement shown in Figs. l and 2. In this modiiied arrangement I form the'stud b c onical at top, and make the socket d cupped to Viit over and run upon it, or this conical bearing may be reversed. The bearin g-surface, and consequently the friction, is much less than when the socket runs upon its base, as in the arrangement previously described. The dead-plate h is secured to top of the pin b by a small pin or screw which passes through the top of the socket d, but insuch manner as not to interfere with its rotation. The bearing w for the lower end of the spindle is formed in the dead-plate h.

' Fig. 5 is an elevation showing the spindle fitted with two hooked arms, 0 o. These arms catch against the h ead of the flier, and the spindle is thus caused to revolve with the iiier.

Having now described the nature of the said invention, and in vwhat manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim, as .my improvements in means and apparatus for preparing and spinning and doubling or twisting wool,eotton, and other brous substancesV Y l. Constructing such apparatus with. what I have hereinbefore termed a dead-plate, acting in manner and for the purpose hereinbefore described.

2. Constructing such apparatus with spindles iitted, as hereinbefore described, and capable of running within the fliers, as described with reference to Figs. l, 2, 4, and 5,

whether connected with the fliers by hooked fore described, and represented at Figs. 1,2,

4, and 5 of the accompanying` drawings.r

Witnesses'. MARTYN J. ROBERTS.

RICHARD HARGEsT,

JOHN Rrcrmnns,

Both Attorneys Clerks, Brecon. 

